文/台灣移工聯盟(MENT)
移工於萬聖節前扮裝表達「政府應承擔聘僱責任,廢除私人仲介制度」訴求後,勞動部很快發布回應,表示已加強直接聘僱服務、若仲介違法可以向政府申訴等。但移工和雇主真有受惠於政府的直聘服務嗎?許多人仍然被仲介所箝制,政府有幫忙嗎?還是任由民眾和仲介簽賣身契、被仲介勒索贖身費呢?
台灣移工聯盟今天(13日)上午到勞動部門口召開記者會,揭露台灣政府長期倚賴私人仲介制度引進與管理移工,導致直接聘僱的實現困難重重。現場分別有移工和雇主到場伸冤,揭露政府如何無能,導致仲介運用各種奧步,讓想要直接聘僱的移工失去工作權、雇主必須付出大筆違約金等問題。
【個案一】菲律賓籍移工May找到雇主想要直聘,向仲介索回廢聘函被拒絕,仲介不但告訴她「找到雇主也是我們辦文件」還說「直聘我不接受」。直到May向1955申訴後,才勉強拿回文件,同時遭受仲介威脅「既然你選擇申訴,我有機會就會把你遣返」(如附件一:May與仲介對話截圖)。其後仲介竟真的在May轉換雇主期間,將她通報為失聯,而勞動部也絲毫沒有懷疑的將May註記為失聯移工。
廢聘函是移工在台合法轉換雇主的許可證明,本來就是移工和雇主各執一份。仲介拒絕返還給移工,非但沒有因為非法留置廢聘函受罰,反而還以通報逃跑做為報復手段,使May成為失聯移工。May完全沒有逃跑的意願,只是不願意受控於仲介,卻失去在台灣的工作權,新雇主好不容易找到看護照顧失智的家人,合法雇用的權利也受到波及。
【個案二】看護移工雇主A小姐在兩年多前,透過桃園X眾人力仲介聘僱看護移工照顧家人。因為看護表現良好,所以A小姐答應看護要以直聘的方式和她續約。然而,開始辦理續聘程序的時候,X眾人力卻告知A小姐:如果她自己辦直聘,須賠償仲介公司五萬四千元。A小姐這才發現,當初聘僱看護的時候與X眾公司所簽訂的仲介契約中,竟有載明續用程序都必須由原公司辦理等諸多不平等條款(如附件二:A小姐與X眾人力契約)。
A小姐感到非常不公平,當時家人急需看護,又正值疫情缺工,好不容易找到看護,不論仲介契約上寫什麼,雇主根本沒有說不的空間。A小姐表示,政府在她成為雇主後,才對她宣導可以直聘,她卻早已被迫與仲介簽下賣身契,而直聘中心只協助「沒有委任仲介」的雇主,像她這種被仲介綁死的雇主,根本求助無門。
移工May和雇主A小姐的案件都不是個案,而是已經累積非常多受害者。
許多仲介拒絕返還移工自己的廢聘函,移工透過1955申訴後,仲介公司多向勞工局辯稱「不是不給,而是要給移工新仲介或新雇主。」許多勞工局竟也接受此說法。但廢聘函本來就是移工自己的文件,為何要透過第三方索取?有想要直聘的看護移工雇主曾經試著打電話給原仲介,結果原仲介開口就索取兩萬元,不給錢就不返還廢聘函。顯示仲介公司長期將移工當成自有的財物,完全無視移工是人,有選擇的自由。
依據就業服務法,仲介禁止擅自留置外國人個人文件,勞動部也訂有相關罰則。但歷來移工依法申訴,即便仲介擺明了就是不願歸還,政府也未曾開罰。以至於仲介公司行徑越來越猖獗,甚至發生了將申訴移工通報為失聯移工的憾事。移工向仲介討回廢聘函,就是因為不信任仲介制度,卻仍想要在台灣合法就業,政府卻給予仲介通報失聯的權力,讓想要掙脫仲介控制的移工,淪為失聯移工。政府避免移工在台非法就業的措施,竟成為保障仲介利益的手段?
雇主A小姐與仲介所簽的「賣身契」也不是單一個案,桃園X眾人力、高雄冠X人力都曾傳出雇主於續聘階段辦理直聘後,遭到仲介求償並且告上法院的案例,這些雇主迫於無奈,都付出上萬元與仲介和解。仲介公司食髓知味,利用長照家庭急須有照顧人力進場的迫切需求,讓一個又一個的雇主簽下必須一直讓同一家仲介服務的賣身契。更諷刺的是,這兩家仲介公司都標榜自己是勞動部評鑑A級的仲介公司!
不論是A小姐,或是遭索賠的各個雇主,都非常感激仲介為他們找到合適的看護,也與看護建立了互信的關係,才會在期滿後選擇直聘。卻沒想到,這樣的信任關係,卻被仲介當作眼中釘,事先立約防堵解約的可能性,以脅迫雇主繼續委託仲介辦理文件。這也顯示出政府的公共媒合機制長期缺席,導致有聘僱需求的雇主只能和私人仲介簽約,從一開始就踏入陷阱之中。台灣政府長期倚賴私人仲介制度引進與管理移工,導致直接聘僱的實現困難重重。雖然有直聘中心,仲介卻許多從中作梗、妨礙直接聘僱的空間。台灣政府說要留住移工人才,推出各種措施,卻任由仲介使用各種手段壟斷市場、控制勞雇雙方,到底是為雇主留才,還是為仲介留財?移工盟強調,個案不僅是個案,而是整體政府失能的結果。並再次呼籲:政府擔起責任,廢除私人仲介制度!
主辦單位:
台灣移工聯盟MENT:
桃園市家庭看護工職業工會Domestic Caretaker Union (DCU)、
天主教會新竹教區移民及移工服務中心 Hsinchu Diocese Migrants and Immigrants Service Center(HMISC)、
天主教明愛會(Caritas)、
台灣基督長老教會勞工關懷中心 THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN TAIWAN LABOUR CONCERN CENTER(Lcc)、
海星國際服務中心 STELLA MARIS INTERNATIONAL SERVICE CENTER(Stella)、
天主教希望職工中心 HOPE WORKER’ CENTER(HWC)、
台灣國際勞工協會 Taiwan International Workers Association (TIWA)
聲援單位:
台灣人權促進會 Taiwan Association for Human Rights、
Khuôn viên văn hoá Việt Nam 越在嘉文化棧、
新事社會服務中心 Rerum Novarum Center、
基隆市漁工職業工會 Keelung Migrant Fishermen’s Union、
群眾服務協會 Serve the People Association、
婦女新知基金會 Awakening Foundation、
全國家戶勞動產業工會/National Domestic Workers’ Union、
民間司法改革基金會 Judicial Reform Foundation
May發言稿
Good morning! My name is May, and I am a member of the Domestic Caretakers Union. I want to expose a TORMENT experience with my broker.
大家早安,我的名字是May,我是桃園市家庭看護工工會的會員。我想要揭露我被仲介折磨的經歷。
It started when I left the job in KINMEN because I was treated unfairly, my employer was very rude, and there was not enough food. I fly back to Tainan from Kinmen with all my expenses, including the plane ticket and taxi fare going back to my agency. When I arrived at the agency, I told my broker that I have to stay in my niece’s house for I don’t have money to buy my own food and I cannot pay for the agency accommodation. My broker’s answer is YES.
一切要從我離開在金門的工作說起。我遭到當時的雇主不公平的對待,雇主非常無禮,而且也沒有供應足夠的食物。我從金門飛回台南,又搭計程車去到仲介公司,已經用光了我所有的錢。所以當我告訴仲介說,我無法負擔住在仲介公司的費用,也沒錢另外買食物,所以我要去住在我姪女那裡,我的仲介回答說可以。
Every now and then, I message my broker if he can find me a new employer, and he replied NOT YET FOUND.” I continue staying at my niece’s house. I found an employer last August, and I told my broker about it. He called the employer, but after I asked the agency secretary to translate for me, my broker said NO. I didn’t argue.
我時不時就傳訊問我的仲介,問他可不可以幫我找個新雇主,他總是回我「還沒找到」。我只好一直待在我姪女家。八月的時候,我找到一個雇主願意聘僱我,我就告訴仲介,他就打給那位雇主。我問他的秘書可否翻譯給我知道他們談了什麼,卻只得到一個「不行」,我也只能默默接受。
One day my broker message me that I should go back to my agency office for they found an employer for me, with no hesitation I go back to my agency but to my surprised my Philippine agency staff talk to me over the phone that my broker released me and I have to find new broker and new employer, for they don’t have work for me, with no arguments I said YES, but deep inside of me, I’m afraid and worried because I’m just new here in Taiwan, I don’t even know any broker or employer.
有一天,仲介傳訊叫我回公司,說幫我找到新雇主了。我毫不遲疑的馬上過去,但卻是我的菲律賓仲介透過電話跟我說,我的仲介沒有工作可以給我,所以他們要釋出我,我必須自己找新仲介和新雇主。我沒有爭執,只回答說好,但我內心深處很害怕,我才剛來台灣不久,不認識任何仲介和雇主。
I started to search and asked some Filipino friends who can help me to find a job until I found a new employer who is willing to direct hire me, but my TRANSFERRING PERMIT was withheld by my broker. I messaged my broker that I wanted to get my transferring permit, but he refused to give it to me and told me that HE CANNOT ACCEPT DIRECT HIRE!
我開始搜尋,也到處問菲律賓朋友幫我找工作。後來我找到一位雇主願意直聘我,但我的廢聘函在仲介那裡,我想拿回我的廢聘函,但仲介拒絕還給我,還跟我說「我不接受直聘」!
With the guidance of DCU I called 1955 to file a formal complaint to get my transferring permit. After calling 1955, the next few days my broker messaged me that I had a new employer and I needed to go back to the agency. My reply is that I want my transferring permit and I don’t want to go back to the agency, I can only meet him at the Labor Office. He threatened me that if there is a chance, he wants me to go back to the Philippines and he hates people like me using appeals or calling 1955 to solve things. He also messaged me that if I don’t go back to the agency, he will report me as a missing person/run away worker.
為了拿回我的廢聘函,工會教我如何向1955提出正式申訴。但我提出申訴沒幾天,仲介就告訴我有工作給我,要我回公司。我的回覆是,我要拿回我的廢聘函,我不想去仲介公司,我不要在勞工局以外的地方跟他們見面。然後他就威脅我說「他討厭像我這樣有問題就向1955申訴的人,一有機會他就會把我遣返回菲律賓。」還一直傳訊給我說,如果我不回公司,他就要通報我為逃跑外勞。
With the help of DCU, the agency secretary sent a scanned copy of my transferring permit. I found a new employer who is willing to directly hire me, and I started to work last September 27, up to the present. The next day, I sent a copy of a 2 party agreement to my broker to inform them that I had a new legal employer now. It was late October that i knew there was a problem with my employment status. My broker reported me as RUN AWAY!
在工會的協助下,仲介公司的秘書才把廢聘函掃描檔傳給我。後來我找到另一位雇主願意直聘我,我從9月27日開始工作至今。上工隔天,我就把雙方合意拍照傳給我的原仲介,證明我已經有新的合法雇主。但直到10月底,我才知道我的新雇主可能無法聘僱我,因為我已經被原仲介通報逃跑了!
How could I be considered as RUN AWAY WORKER? I was struggling to find a new employer in the 60 days given by the government, and i sent a copy of the legal document that I have a new employer. And nobody inform me or called me that my broker reported me when I had a case number to 1955 and Kinmen Labor had my case and my information?!
我如何能被認定為逃跑呢?我拼命的在政府規定的60天期限內找到新雇主,還把我的合法聘僱文件傳給原仲介。但是當我的仲介通報我逃跑的時候,即便我有向1955申訴的紀錄、金門勞工局因此有我的電話號碼和相關資料,卻完全沒有人要試著跟我聯絡嗎?
I have no intention to run away, I FOUGHT HARD to get my TRANSFERRING PERMIT, I even gave my exact address and phone no to 1955 and the Labor knew all my information, the government should inform me or they supposedly protect me, because they know my information and they can contact me before they allow and approved my broker report.
我完全沒有逃跑的意圖,我努力的爭取才拿回我的廢聘函。我甚至有告知1955我的確切居住地址,因此政府相關單位都有我的聯絡資訊。仲介通報我逃跑,政府應該告訴我,也應該保護我。因為政府有我的聯絡方式,應該在採信仲介的通報之前,試著跟我聯絡。
I don’t trust my broker anymore. My broker and his agency make me suffer, and reported me as a runaway worker is a form of REVENGE for THEY CANNOT EARN MORE BROKER‘S FEE FROM ME.
我無法再信任我的仲介。我的仲介和仲介公司讓我飽受折磨,但因為他們再也無法從我身上賺取任何仲介費,就以通報逃跑作為報復手段!
For every month migrant workers pay broker fees and never do anything to help us, regardless of of giving good services. BROKERS ARE JUST AFTER FOR THEIR OWN WELFARE AND NEVER CARE TO THE MIGRANT WORKERS, AND WE MIGRANT WORKERS ARE SUFFERING NOW AND THEN! ABOLISH BROKERAGE SYSTEM!! ABOLISH BROKERAGE SYSTEM!!!
每個月移工都要付仲介費,仲介卻沒有好好幫助我們,更別說要提供良好的服務。仲介根本只為他們自己的利益著想,而從來就不為移工設想。我們移工從以前到現在,都是吃足苦頭的一方!廢除仲介制度!廢除仲介制度!